A Denver-area bike fitter’s guide to changing hamstring and spinal mobility and what to do when your old bike fit no longer works.

That aggressive race position that felt perfect in your 30s might not feel quite as comfortable in your 40s, 50s, and beyond.

If you’re suddenly experiencing lower back pain, hamstring discomfort, or hip tightness on the bike, your bike may not be the problem. Your body may have changed.

Over time, changes in flexibility, tissue tolerance, and spinal mobility can make it harder to comfortably maintain the same riding position you’ve used for years.

We call this the Aging Flex Curve.

The good news? You don’t necessarily have to accept the discomfort—or stop riding the way you love. Understanding how your body has changed can help you adjust your bike fit and training so you can continue riding comfortably and performing at a high level.

The Key Takeaways

• A bike position that once felt comfortable may begin causing back, hip, or hamstring discomfort as your mobility changes.
• Hamstring flexibility, spinal mobility, and connective tissue adaptability can change over time.
• An aggressive cycling position may eventually require more mobility than your body currently has available.
• A physical therapy–informed bike fit can assess both your body and your bike to determine where adjustments may help.
• Small changes to your position, combined with targeted mobility and strength work, can help you continue riding comfortably for years to come.

Why Your Bike Fit May Need to Change as You Age

We see this frequently among cyclists throughout the Denver metro area and at our Highlands Ranch clinic: riders who have trained and raced for years with a dialed-in bike fit, only to find that the same position gradually becomes uncomfortable.

The bike didn’t necessarily change.

The cyclist did.

Aging can bring gradual changes in tissue flexibility, mobility, recovery, and tolerance to sustained positions. Those changes may eventually turn a once-comfortable race position into one that requires your body to compensate.

Here are three areas that can play a role.

1. Hamstring Flexibility Can Decrease

Flexibility can gradually decline without consistent mobility and strength work.

For cyclists, changes in hamstring and posterior-chain mobility can be particularly important because an aggressive riding position requires adequate mobility through the hips and surrounding tissues.

When that mobility becomes limited, your body still has to find a way to reach the handlebars.

Instead of comfortably rotating through the pelvis and hips, you may begin compensating elsewhere—often through the lower back.

Over hundreds or thousands of pedal strokes, that compensation can contribute to discomfort.

2. Your Spine May Not Move the Way It Used To

Spinal mobility can also change over time.

Normal age-related changes to the discs, joints, and surrounding tissues can affect how comfortably your spine moves and tolerates prolonged positions.

That doesn’t mean cycling needs to become painful as you age.

It does mean that a highly aggressive position established 10 or 20 years ago may no longer match the mobility you have today.

When your body can’t comfortably achieve the position your bike requires, certain areas may take on more stress. For some cyclists, that can show up as persistent lower back pain during longer rides.

3. Connective Tissue Adaptability Can Change

It’s not just about muscles and joints.

The connective tissues surrounding the hamstrings, glutes, hips, and lower back also influence how your body transfers force and moves while cycling.

Changes in tissue mobility can affect the entire posterior chain. When one area becomes less adaptable, another area may compensate.

That’s one reason the location of your pain doesn’t always tell us the full story.

Why Does Cycling Pain Sometimes Feel Like It Started Suddenly?

Most cyclists don’t wake up one morning and suddenly lose their mobility.

The changes tend to happen gradually.

Pain, however, can feel much more sudden.

You might feel fine for months until something pushes your body past its current capacity, such as:

• A high-volume training block
• A particularly long ride
• Increased climbing
• A new race schedule
• More time spent in an aggressive position
• Changes in strength or mobility
• A period of reduced training followed by a rapid increase

The discomfort may seem new, but the underlying changes could have been developing for much longer.

Why “Just Get More Flexible” Isn’t the Whole Answer

Should you work on mobility? Absolutely.

Targeted mobility and strength training can help improve the way your body handles your riding position. But simply stretching your hamstrings isn’t always enough.

Mobility improvements require consistency, and your individual anatomy, training history, strength, and riding demands all matter.

More importantly, your bike fit should evolve alongside your body.

Rather than forcing yourself into a position chosen years ago, the goal should be finding the best position for the cyclist you are today.

What Makes a Physical Therapy–Based Bike Fit Different?

A traditional bike fit often focuses heavily on optimizing the relationship between the cyclist and the bike.

A physical therapy–based bike fit adds another layer by asking not only where your bike should be positioned, but also:

What position can your body comfortably, efficiently, and sustainably maintain?

At Physio Room, the bike fitting process can assess:

Posterior Chain & Pelvic Mobility

How much mobility do you currently have through your hips, hamstrings, and pelvis?

Spinal Mobility

How well can your spine move through the ranges necessary for your preferred cycling position?

Dynamic Movement on the Bike

What actually happens to your hips, pelvis, knees, and spine once you begin pedaling under load?

Your Performance Goals

Are you trying to maximize aerodynamics for racing, prepare for a century, or simply ride comfortably for several hours?

Your Current Physical Capacity

Does your body currently have the mobility, strength, and tolerance required to maintain your desired position?

From there, adjustments may be made to areas such as saddle position, handlebar height, reach, stack, and setback.

Sometimes a relatively small adjustment can significantly improve comfort.

Other times, the best approach combines bike-fit changes with targeted strength or mobility work.

The goal isn’t necessarily to make your position less performance-oriented. It’s to find the best balance between performance, efficiency, and what your body can sustainably tolerate.

Signs Your Old Bike Fit May No Longer Fit You

Consider having your bike fit and mobility assessed if you notice:

• Lower back pain that increases the longer you ride
• New or persistent hamstring tightness
• Hip or posterior thigh discomfort
• A riding position that suddenly feels like a constant stretch
• Difficulty staying in an aerodynamic position
• Needing to sit upright more frequently to relieve tension
• Pain that improves when you’re off the bike but consistently returns when you ride
• A previously comfortable bike position becoming progressively harder to maintain

These symptoms don’t automatically mean your bike fit is the cause. But they’re good reasons to look at your body and your bike together rather than treating them as separate problems.

You Don’t Have to Choose Between Performance and Comfort

Getting older doesn’t mean giving up performance.

It may simply mean your training and bike fit need to evolve with you.

A position that worked perfectly at 30 doesn’t necessarily need to remain unchanged at 45 or 55. Small adjustments can allow you to continue riding efficiently while respecting the mobility and capacity you have today.

When appropriate, targeted mobility and strength work may also help you regain some of the capacity needed for a more aggressive position.

Denver-Area & Colorado Springs Professional Bike Fitting

At Physio Room, we combine physical therapy assessment with professional bike fitting to look beyond the bike itself.

For cyclists throughout Denver, Highlands Ranch, the South Metro area, Colorado Springs, and the Front Range, this means you don’t have to choose between addressing pain and improving performance.

Whether you’re training for a Colorado gran fondo, preparing for a Front Range century, racing competitively, or simply hoping to keep riding comfortably into your 40s, 50s, and beyond, we can assess how your mobility, strength, and bike position are working together.

Because the goal isn’t simply to make your bike fit.

It’s to make sure your bike still fits you.

Ready to find out if your fit still fits? Contact our Highlands Ranch or Colorado Springs clinic to schedule a professional bike fit and movement assessment.

Written by Dr. Tim Tracy, PT, DPT, OCS, Cert. DN | Physio Room

The post The Aging Flex Curve: Why Your Once-Perfect Bike Fit May Now Cause Pain appeared first on Physio Room.

“If nothing changes, nothing changes. If you keep doing what you’re doing, you’re going to keep getting what you’re getting.” – Courtney C. Stevens

The Gist: 

Knee pain from cycling often stems from repetitive movement patterns that become ingrained over time. As we age, these compensations—developed with each pedal stroke or stride—can alter our body’s natural mechanics. Over time, they overload some structures while underloading others, leading to inefficient movement and, eventually, pain. Addressing these neuromuscular habits is key to resolving and preventing knee pain from cycling.

The Who:

Passionate cyclists typically realize the value of a bike fit, especially if (i.e. when) a niggle or pain arises. However, many riders still struggle with pain despite best efforts with a bike fit and general strengthening programs. 

The What:

“Squats for watts” is the saying but this is merely the cycling version of “no pain, no gain”.  Without awareness of our own compensation patterns, weaknesses, asymmetries, mobility, flexibility, and joint restrictions, more loading will serve to reinforce our neuromuscular ruts. Plus, bilateral loading (such as squats) is not specific to many (any?) sports and should be low(er) on the hierarchy of sport-specific exercises for cyclists.

No pain? Remote programming and the infinite cycling-targeted accounts on Instagram can have some value (mostly just overly dramatic movements with the title like “MTB Training”). And if there isn’t a mountain bike in the background it doesn’t apply – see below. 

For those with an actual loitering physical ailment, the limited benefit to a subjective and arbitrarily assembled group of exercises is soon realized. However, I do understand the natural psychological need for most people is trialing at least a couple dead-end band-aid approaches before seeking help.  

The How:

See a performance physical therapist with expertise in cycling. Ideally a PT that performs bike fits as well. A perspective and assessment outside of our own consciousness is the best (only) way to know and understand our own movement and strength inadequacies. Then, an individualized movement training program can be applied as we begin to unravel years of moving into the path of least resistance. From there you can layer in “squats for watts”. 

In the days leading up to your appointment, try these things: 

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LpNul1D8dE
2. Cycling-Specific Hip Hinge – YouTube 
   

Summary:

Your bike fit, load tolerance, and neuromuscular patterning must all be harmonized for cycling longevity. Off bike movement dysfunction does not evaporate when seated atop a bicycle. 

We must function well off the bike to maximize our performance and activity capacity.  Cookie cutter approach to bike fit and strengthening doesn’t ensure good movement patterns or muscle recruitment. A good bike fit will mitigate the effect of a significant imbalance, however function and self awareness will be compromised without a holistic approach that includes refined muscle recruitment and movement patterns.  

Written by Dr. Tim Tracy – PT, DPT, OCS| Physio Room

The post Knee pain from Cycling: The Neuromuscular Rut appeared first on Physio Room.

Win a $750 Visa Giftcard or a pair of Normatec Boots

We’re feeling the gratitude this season, so we’re giving back to YOU with our Thankful Thanksgiving Giveaway! Enter for a chance to win some amazing prizes that’ll keep you motivated and moving through the holiday season. Whether you’re looking to level up your recovery game or just treat yourself, we’ve got something special lined up!

Look below for full rules and guidelines, and make sure to enter by December 6th! Winners will be announced on December 11th. Let’s make this Thanksgiving one to remember—good luck!

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How Does Hip Pain Happen for Runners?

Hip pain in runners can often be linked to tight or weak hip flexors or issues with running form. If you’re experiencing pain in the front of your hip or near your groin or lateral hip, it could be related to how your foot strikes the ground.

Check if the foot on the affected side is turning outward (external rotation). This might be due to increased tension or weakness in your glutes or because your body is trying to avoid hip flexion pain by altering your movement. When the glutes aren’t doing their job properly, the TFL (a muscle on the side of your hip) might take over during the running stride, which can lead to pain on the lateral or posterior hip, as well as with hip flexion.

How Do We Fix It?

Hip flexion pain can occur when the posterior capsule of the hip tightens, with glute tendinopathies or a true hip impingement (FAI). All of these diagnoses can cause the hip flexor muscles to feel pinched because the head of the femur can’t move freely in the hip joint. 

To address this, we need to strengthen and coordinate all the muscles around the hip joint, not just the glutes or hip extensors. This includes the adductors, hip flexors, abductors, extensors, and the glutes responsible for internal and external rotation.

Exercises to Consider:

• Eccentric banded hip flexion
• Yoga block hip internal rotation (IR)
• Copenhagens
• Romanian Deadlifts (RDLs)
• Squats
• Bulgarian split squats

These exercises help improve strength and coordination in the hip area, which can alleviate pain and improve running form.

Strength Training for Runners with Hip Pain

• How does this happen?
  • Hip pain can occur for many reasons, but for runners it can be due to tight/weak hip flexors or impaired running form. 
  • If you’re a runner and you start to notice hip pain in the front of your hip or near your groin, take a look at your foot strike. You might notice that the foot on the affected side is turned into external rotation. This can be from increased tension/weakness in the glute muscles or because the body has sensed weakness or pain with hip flexion and is trying to find a way to avoid moving in that plane of motion. In order to fix this problem the body might start relying on the TFL muscle (lateral hip) to assist more with bringing the leg forward during the eccentric phase of the gait cycle. This can cause pain at the lateral/posterior hip in addition to pain with hip flexion. 
• How do we fix this?
  • Hip flexion becomes painful when the posterior capsule of the hip becomes tight, causing the hip flexor muscles to feel “pinched” because the head of the femur cannot move far enough back in the capsule to allow pain free range of motion when bringing the leg forward.  
  • Like any other joint in the body, when a muscle becomes weak/tight other muscles need to work harder to stabilize or move the joint. 
  • In traditional PT a practitioner might only focus on strengthening the glutes, or hip extensors, because this is the opposing muscle group for the hip flexors. 
  • However in order to truly fix a hip impingement we need to strengthen and improve the coordination for all of the muscles surrounding the hip joint: adductors, flexors, abductors, extensions, and the glute muscles that manage internal and external rotation. 
    • eccentric banded hip flexion 
    • yoga block hip IR 
    • Copenhagens 
    • RDL’s 
    • Squats 
    • Bulgarian split squats 

Targeted strength training can be a game-changer for runners with hip pain. By strengthening and coordinating the muscles around the hip joint—flexors, extensors, adductors, abductors, and rotators—you can reduce discomfort, restore proper movement, and improve performance.

Incorporate exercises like eccentric banded hip flexion, yoga block hip IR, Copenhagens, RDLs, squats, and Bulgarian split squats to build strength and move pain-free. Need help? Our team is here to guide you to stronger, healthier running!

The post Strength Training for Runners with Hip Pain appeared first on Physio Room.

Will lifting heavy help you PR at your next race?

The goal of every good strength and conditioning coach is to enhance the physical preparedness of athletes for their sport. This kind of  training is done outside of working with a technical coach, in this example – a running coach. S&C coaches have three primary goals for their endurance athletes: improve performance, improve capacity for training, and lower the risk of injury. 

Myths about strength training for runners: 

• Will adding heavy lifts to my training program cause more soreness, and affect my ability to complete longer runs? No. An effective S&C program will focus on intensity over volume through selecting exercises that are pertinent to improving strength and coordination of movements that are specific to runners. There will not be a lot of time wasted on “junk volume,” and adequate recovery time will be built into the program. 
• Will lifting heavy add unwanted muscle bulk that will slow me down? No. A well designed S&C program for endurance runners would focus on power production, strength, and functional exercises to improve performance without increasing bulk. 

How does strength and conditioning benefit running performance? S&C programs are designed to cause several adaptations to the neuromuscular system. They will improve your body’s ability to generate force, more effectively use elastic energy from tendons, and help you run with more efficiency which will help you run farther by preventing muscle fatigue. 

All of this is to say – If you are an athlete, you should train like an athlete. Here is how you can incorporate S&C into your endurance training program:

If you want to run farther… 

Plyometrics/Power: Plyometrics: 3x/week @ 50 reps per session// Power: 30-70% of 1RM performed @ high velocity for 3-5 reps per set. 

Plyometrics are exercises that are used to make you more explosive in your movements – like pushing off the ground more forcefully as you’re running, and accepting the force through your tendons as you land. When you teach your body to rely on the elastic properties of tendons to repeatedly create force off the ground, your muscles will fatigue at a slower rate and you can run farther. 

Power exercises should focus on lifting a lighter weight fast. Because of the focus on speed you should reduce weight to 30-70% of your 1RM and focus on patterns that include “triple extension” (more on that later). Including plyometrics and power in your training benefits your feet, achilles/calves, hips, knees, and ankles which are all common sites of injury for endurance runners. 

If you want to run faster… 

Strength training: 2-3x/week @ 80% or more of your 1RM for 3-6 reps/set

Strength is required for muscle groups to produce force during coordinated movements. If you want to run faster, you need to be able to produce a high level of force rapidly. Running speed is directly related to the amount of force your body is able to produce against the ground. Also, it is no surprise that runners tend to suffer from common overuse injuries, known as tendinopathies. These occur due to the high volume and repetitive loading on the body (joints and lower limbs in particular for runners). When you strength train you are strategically placing load through a muscle with the goal of increasing its tolerance to repetitive stress. Training in this way helps reduce the risk of injury. 

My advice is to focus on one major lift, that you will perform heavy, per training block (4 week period). If you are training for strength you should focus on 80% or more of your 1RM for 3-6 reps/set. A heavy stimulus and fewer reps per set are required to create these adaptations. 

If you want to focus on running mechanics to make your body more resilient… 

Dynamic warm up/functional exercises: 3x/week @ 15-30 minute sessions. These can be performed after a short duration/high intensity training run. 

As discussed above, we want to focus on selecting exercises specifically for runners so we don’t waste time/effort on “junk volume.” For runners, a dynamic warm up should include hip mobility, single leg stability, hamstring activation, calf strength, and trunk control. Strength that you acquire in the gym does not always translate to activity unless you train it to do so. We want to make sure the strength you are acquiring from heavy lifting can be used to express force well during running. 

So for endurance runners it is important to choose exercises that will develop force to improve running and should involve the lower body producing “triple extension,” which is the action of the ankles, knees, and hips straightening in a coordinated pattern. Think of jumping straight up to create this movement. This type of training allows your body to accelerate at a high level of force similar to a running stride.  

In conclusion… 

No one falls in love with strength training by doing bridges or core work. Lifting heavy, training for powerful movements, and teaching our bodies to absorb and use high forces is vital to causing adaptations that will benefit your running performance. So will lifting heavy help you PR? If you follow a well designed S&C program, progressively increase your lifts, and provide plenty of recovery time… then yes, it will. 

P.S. Don’t forget to check out the Runner’s Checklist for a complete guide to running.

Sources: “Strength and Conditioning for Endurance Runners,” (Blagrove)

The post Endurance Athletes: The Common Disconnect With Strength Training.  appeared first on Physio Room.

Before picking up a kettlebell to complement your endurance training, the first step is often to unravel suboptimal movement patterns. 

What causes these patterns? 

The human body’s desire for efficiency (when cycling and running) tend to enhance movement patterns unique to each person, a.k.a a neuromuscular rut. 

Challenging and changing default patterns is the hardest part of any rehab or performance program. It only gets harder with age. 

Are weak muscles to blame? 

Unlikely. For cyclists, poor awareness with the sport’s primary movements, hip hinge and lunge, are often the root cause of knee or low back pain. Layering weights on top of bad movement patterns exacerbates issues, or at best, performance and wellness benefits are mitigated. 

Most that struggle with low back pain don’t realize that “the core” includes our gluteal muscles. The hip hinge for cyclists is a key comment to more fun on the bike with less pain. 

The first step, which is common even among elite athletes, is for clients to proficiently recruit and identify well with the left and right side glute complex. Then have the glute be the primary sensation during functional movement patterns such as hip hinge, squat and lunge. 

Mentally and physically reorganizing how we move is often the most powerful, and most challenging, component towards resolving long standing low back pain. 

Learning to move better is a skill. This is where a great physical therapist can use their expertise in identifying detrimental movement patterns to help you move more efficiently and maximize your athletic performance. 

Check out this article by Training Peak for the best strength exercises for cyclists.

The post Endurance Athletes: The Common Disconnect With Strength Training.  appeared first on Physio Room.

Do you have low back and/or knee tightness when riding? 

The gist: There are 6 primal functional movements of the human body. Of those, the hinge and lunge are the two primary movements for mountain biking. Mastery of these two movements off the bike provides numerous riding advantages, but ultimately leads to more fun and less back pain on the bike. 

Squat vs Hip Hinge:

The What: Squat biases the knee and quads whereas the hinge biases the hips and glutes. 

The Why: Joint angle influences muscle function = Put your body in a position that takes advantage of our workhorse gluteal muscles to reduce back pain on the bike. .

Part 1:(Hip hinge vs squat) 

Part 2:(cycling specific hip hinge)  

Lunge Pattern:

The What: Pedaling is essentially a lunge pattern performed over and over. And over. 

The Why: Large left vs right lunge asymmetries and poor dynamic control are also present during the pedal stroke, leaving untapped performance and comfort on the table. 

Part 1: (click here and watch the pedaling dynamics self assessment)  

Bike Fit for High School Riders

Why are bike fits important for all ages and levels of riders?

The latest and greatest bike doesn’t mean much if the rider is not set up to take full advantage.

Comprehensive bike fitting not only involves adjustments of the bike itself (biomechanical), but also teaches riders about their compensatory movements (proprioception) and how to move well (neuromuscular) on the bike once it has been fit. 

Physio Room Bike Fitting: Biomechanical changes + Neuromuscular Awareness 

How a rider pedals, functions, and feels on the bike are often overlooked components during a bike fit. As a physio and experienced bike fitter I can help ensure form and function meet.  

How a bike fit can improve performance

• Reduced injury risk allows training consistency without unwanted time off 
• Improved posture and body position aids breathing pattern and oxygen delivery 
• Improved efficiency via improved muscle recruitment and load distribution through muscles and joints
• Less overall energy waste 

Rundown

Ultimately,  preparation and recovery and optimizing riding comfort and efficiency equates to performance and fun for any rider. 

Tim Tracy, DPT, OCS, CSCS: Physical Therapist, Bike Fitter

The post #1 way to prevent low back pain on the bike appeared first on Physio Room.